Fig. 1: Maternal high-fat diet impairs male offspring behavioral outcomes. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Maternal high-fat diet impairs male offspring behavioral outcomes.

From: Disruption of tryptophan metabolism by high-fat diet-triggered maternal immune activation promotes social behavioral deficits in male mice

Fig. 1

a Schematic of the maternal diet regimen and breeding. b Schematic of the three-chamber social interaction task. c In the sociability test, oCD and oC-H male offspring spent more time interacting with a mouse than with an empty wire cage, whereas oHFD male offspring showed no preference for the mouse (n = 10 mice, 10 litters/group; oCD: t = 9.835, p = 1.195e-07; oHFD: t = 0.43, p = 0.966; oC-H: t = 4.202, p = 0.0007226). d In the social novelty test, unlike oCD and oC-H, oHFD male offspring exhibited no preference for interacting with a novel versus a familiar mouse (n = 10 mice, 10 litters/group; oCD: t = 8.153, p = 1.931e-07; oHFD: t = 0.244, p = 0.810; oC-H: t = 6.290, p = 4.835e-05). e Images (left) and quantification (right) of the number of buried marbles (n = 10 mice, 10 litters/group; F 2,27 = 9.434, oCD vs oHFD: p = 4.3e-07, oHFD vs oC-H: p = 0.00053, oCD vs oC-H: p = 0.036). Data are represented as mean ± SD. In c and d p-values were determined by the two-sided unpaired Student’s t-test. In e statistical significance was assessed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. NS not significant, *p-value ≤ 0.05, **p-value ≤ 0.01, ***p-value ≤ 0.001.

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