Fig. 1: Study participant flow chart.

Between February 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022, a total of 25,008 women aged over 40 underwent regular mammography screening as part of South Korea’s national breast cancer screening program and were enrolled in the study. Among participants who underwent additional assessments at the hospital following a recall, pathologically diagnosed breast cancer cases were analyzed 1 year after the final participant’s enrollment. In total, 24,545 mammograms from 24,543 participants, including two cases of bilateral breast cancer, were included in the analysis.