Fig. 3: Weaker spatial stability of trial-evoked neural responses in children with ADHD. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Weaker spatial stability of trial-evoked neural responses in children with ADHD.

From: Reduced temporal and spatial stability of neural activity patterns predict cognitive control deficits in children with ADHD

Fig. 3

a Top: TD children showed greater spatial stability of trial-evoked neural responses than children with ADHD in salience and frontoparietal networks during Uncertain Go, Certain Go, and Stop trials (TFCE, p < 0.05, corrected). Bottom: children with ADHD demonstrated significantly lower spatial stability in all four ROIs during Uncertain Go trials (preSMA, p = 0.006; rAI, p = 0.006; rdlPFC, p = 0.007; rPPC, p = 0.007), in the rPPC (p = 0.044) during Certain Go trials, and in the preSMA (p = 0.05), rdlPFC (p = 0.047), and rPPC (p = 0.047) during Stop trials than TD children (single-tailed two-sample t tests with FDR correction, N(TD) = 35, N(ADHD) = 26) b Top: Highly stable recruitment of salience and frontoparietal networks during proactive and reactive control was found in TD children (TFCE, p < 0.05, corrected) but not in children with ADHD. Bottom: TD children showed significant spatial stability of trial-evoked neural responses in the rdlPFC (p = 0.002) and rPPC (p = 0.027) during proactive control and in the preSMA (p = 0.015), rAI (p < 0.001); rdlPFC (p = 0.015) and rPPC (p = 0.006) during reactive control (single-tailed one sample t tests with FDR correction, N = 35). Children with ADHD exhibited significant spatial stability in the rAI (p = 0.004), preSMA (p = 0.004), and rPPC (p = 0.041) during reactive control (single-tailed one sample t tests with FDR correction, N = 26). TD children showed greater spatial stability during proactive control in the preSMA (p = 0.036), rAI (p = 0.027), and rdlPFC (p = 0.036) compared to children with ADHD (single-tailed two-sample t tests with FDR correction, N(TD) = 35, N(ADHD) = 26). Notes: data are presented as mean ± SEM. Error bars represent ±1 SEM. Each dot corresponds to an individual subject. TD typically developing, ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, rAI right anterior insula, preSMA pre-supplementary motor cortex, rdlPFC right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, rPPC right posterior parietal cortex. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Source data are provided in the Source Data file.

Back to article page