Fig. 1: Strategy for the design of δOR partial agonists.
From: Structure-guided design of partial agonists at an opioid receptor

A Ligand efficacy can be modulated through the allosteric site, while the orthosteric site controls potency and efficacy. Created in BioRender. CHE, T. (2025) https://BioRender.com/u29m598B Design of δOR partial agonist C6-Quino. C Binding and D functional selectivity of C6-Quino at μOR, κOR, δOR and E Gi1 and β-arrestin 2 signaling of C6-Quino at δOR, referenced to DPDPE. All assays were tested with three independent biological replicates and are represented as mean \(\pm \) SEM. Affinity, potency and efficacy values for (C, D and E) are shown in Supplementary Tables 1, 2 and 3.