Fig. 4: Schematic of annual CH4 release from thermokarst lakes during ice-melting and ice-free periods on the Tibetan Plateau. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Schematic of annual CH4 release from thermokarst lakes during ice-melting and ice-free periods on the Tibetan Plateau.

From: Methane emissions from thermokarst lakes must emphasize the ice-melting impact on the Tibetan Plateau

Fig. 4

The total annual CH4 release includes the four parts shown in the formula. During ice-melting, CH4 release from thermokarst lakes is through both ice bubble and water storage beneath lake ice. During ice-free period, CH4 release is from diffusion and ebullition. The percent data is from the integrated analysis of field observations, showing the proportion of CH4 release from the ice bubble (5.0%), water storage (12.1%), ebullition (71.7%) and diffusion (11.2%) for the whole year. The dotted black line represents the future expansion of thermokarst lakes.

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