Fig. 1: Physicochemical characterizations of the CNTd series.
From: Intrinsic strain of defect sites steering chlorination reaction for water purification

Lattice fringes of (a) CNTd–S2 and (b) CNTd. The selected area from the HR–TEM images in Supplementary Fig. 4a, c. c Integrated pixel intensities of CNTd–S2 and CNTd obtained from the inverse fast Fourier transformation images in corresponding Figures (a, b), respectively. d Raman spectra of the catalysts. e High–resolution C 1 s XPS spectra of catalysts. f La analysis acquired from the XRD spectra of the catalysts in Supplementary Fig. 13. The inset is a schematic diagram of La on the tube. g Strain analysis of CNTd‒S2 obtained by geometric phase analysis from the HR–TEM images in Supplementary Fig. 4c. h HAADF–STEM EELS spectra and (i) NEXAFS spectra for the C K–edge from the CNTd, CNTd–S1 and CNTd–S2 catalysts.