Fig. 9: Sketch summarizing the main findings.
a The wetting affinity of biomolecular condensates is higher for less densely packed membranes, and can be tuned by changing the lipid chain length, the degree of chain saturation, or the cholesterol content. b When in contact with phase-separated membranes, condensates preferentially interact with the less densely packed domains, locally increasing the lipid packing22. c Protein adsorption from homogeneous protein solutions can induce membrane spontaneous curvature, triggering the formation of necklace-like pearls and tubes. When substantial excess area is available, these structures may interconvert into double-membrane sheets, which adhere to the vesicle surface mediated by proteins (top). Upon interaction with vesicle membranes with excess area, condensates can induce tubulation with tube size depending on the rigidity of the membrane (bottom).
