Fig. 2: Fine-structure characterizations and the electron distribution calculation of samples.

a k3 -weighted Fourier-transforms of Mn K-edge EXAFS spectra of Meso-MnO@C-2G, Com-MnO and MnO stander. b The XPS spectra of Mn 2p of Meso-MnO@C-2G and Com-MnO. c The CO2-TPD and d NH3-TPD profiles of samples. e Electron localization function (ELF) map of MnO with VMn. f The schematic illustration of Lewis pair in Meso-MnO@C-2G.