Fig. 7: In vivo therapeutic efficacy of combined pharmacological inhibition of MEOX2 and SRGN in a subtype-mixed glioblastoma model.

a Four tumor cellular states mapped in UMAP coordinates from WL1 scRNA-seq data. b Summary of mice medium survival in the in vivo limiting dilution assay. c, e, g Bioluminescence images of mice bearing xenografts derived from luciferase-expressing WL1 GSCs with the indicated numbers of cells are shown (left). In vivo bioluminescence imaging and intensities of luciferase signal in mice are shown (right). Data are presented as mean ± SD. n = 3 biologically independent mice per group. d, f, h Kaplan–Meier survival curves of mice implanted with the indicated numbers of WL1 GSCs (n = 6) are shown. i Experimental design to assess in vivo effects of nilotinib/DHEC and paliperidone/risperidone on xenograft of mixed CL (EGFR⁺) and MES (CD44⁺) WL1 GSCs. Created in BioRender. Wang, X. (2025) https://BioRender.com/f42j224. j, l Bioluminescence images of mice bearing mixed CL and MES xenografts derived from luciferase-expressing WL1 GSCs, showing the effect of combined treatments (nilotinib + paliperidone or DHEC + risperidone) on tumor growth. Time points indicate days after intracranial injection of mixed GSC populations (left). Intensities of luciferase signal in mice are shown (right). Data are presented as mean ± SD. n = 3 biologically independent mice per group. k, m Kaplan–Meier survival curves for mice bearing subtype-mixed orthotopic tumors (WL1) after combined treatments of nilotinib (25 mg/kg) + paliperidone (10 mg/kg) or DHEC (15 mg/kg) + risperidone (10 mg/kg). n = 6 mice per group. Statistics: c, e, g Unpaired Student’s t test for two-group comparison. d, f, h, k, m Log-rank test. j, l one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.