Fig. 5: Thermal stability of the four-tube truncated double nested antiresonant nodeless fibre (tDNANF) gyro compared to a conventional polarization-maintaining fibre optic gyroscope.

a Surface temperature of the four-tube tDNANF coil, temperature time derivatives (dT/dt), and rotation rate shifts of the four-tube tDNANF gyro under various temperature change rates of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 °C per minute within a temperature range of −40 to 60 °C. b, c Similar to a, but for the temperature intervals of 20–60 °C and −40 to 20 °C, respectively. d Temperature variation measurements for a gyro equipped with a conventional quadrupolar-wound polarization-maintaining fibre (PMF) coil (of the same length) subjected to identical conditions as in (a). e Correlation of the maximum rotation rate shift with the time derivative of temperature for both the conventional PMF gyro and the four-tube tDNANF gyro over different temperature ranges. f Allan deviations of the static rotation rate measured by the four-tube tDNANF gyro at −40 °C, 25 °C, and 60 °C. The centre panel replicates the data presented in Fig. 4b. BI bias instability.