Fig. 1: ShosTA system provides anti-phage defense via toxin-antitoxin mechanism.
From: A toxin-antitoxin system provides phage defense via DNA damage and repair
a Schematic diagram of ShosTA system. The boundaries for each domain are labeled. b Plating efficiency of various phages infecting the E. coli BL21(DE3) strain containing empty vector or ShosTA system. Data represent plaque-forming units (PFUs) per milliliter of each phage infection. Bar graphs show the average of three replicates with individual data points overlaid. c Phage infection in liquid cultures of the E. coli BL21(DE3) strain containing ShosTA system. The strain containing empty vector is used as the control. Cells are infected at various MOI values. For each MOI, results of three experiments are presented as the average of three replicates with shaded areas indicating SD. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. d Representative plating assay showing ShosA rescue of ShosT toxicity. Plasmids harboring ShosT or ShosTA under arabinose-inducible promoters, respectively, are transformed into E. coli BL21-AI. The arabinose concentrations used for inducing are indicated.
