Fig. 6: Spatiotemporal receptive fields for representative LGN neurons.

a Three STAs around the peak frame (black/blue stars) for an On magnocellular neuron in response to the achromatic luminance (B/W; schematic of stimulus frame at top right) m-sequence stimulus alone (top row) and with LED stimulation (bottom row; STAs from both conditions scaled to same color bar). White boxes illustrate 0.5-degree squares. Curves at right illustrate temporal modulation in brightness for the maximum-value pixel within the receptive field without (black) and with (blue) LED stimulation. Arrows indicate peak responses and associated response latencies without (black) and with (blue) LED stimulation. b Peak frame STAs for an M-Off/L-On parvocellular neuron in response to the achromatic (B/W) stimulus as well as the cone-modulating stimulus (schematic of stimulus frame at top right, RGB values are approximations for display purposes) without (top) and with (bottom) LED stimulation. Black boxes illustrate 1-degree squares; STAs for both conditions scaled to same color bar in between. Right: temporal modulation in brightness for the maximum-value pixel (red) and minimum-value pixel (green) within the receptive field without (red/green) and with (dashed blue with red/green fill) LED stimulation. Arrows indicate peak responses without (green) and with (blue/green) LED stimulation. c Peak frame STAs for an S-On/L&M-Off koniocellular neuron with conventions as in b except with S-cone activation illustrated. Curves at right show S-cone STA maximum-value pixel brightness temporal modulation without (cyan) and with (dashed blue with cyan fill) LED stimulation. Arrows indicate peak responses without (cyan) and with (blue/cyan) LED stimulation. d Scatterplot of peak response latencies (measured from peaks/troughs in the brightest pixel temporal modulation curves, as in a arrows) across LED conditions for all sampled parvocellular (red), magnocellular (black), and koniocellular (cyan) LGN neurons. Distribution at right of plot illustrates latencies for all sampled LGN neurons without (gray) and with (blue) LED stimulation of CG feedback, dashed line indicates average latencies per LED condition, blue asterisk indicates significant difference across LED conditions (p = 0.043, paired t-test (two-sided); average latency without LED = 29.3 ± 2.03 msec, with LED = 27.47 ± 1.57 msec). Source data are provided in Source Data file.