Fig. 3: Li reversibility and microstructure of SEIs. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Li reversibility and microstructure of SEIs.

From: Homogeneous polymer-ionic solvate electrolyte with weak dipole-dipole interaction enabling long cycling pouch lithium metal battery

Fig. 3

a Li plating/stripping CEs in Li||Cu cells with HCEs, PISEs, and TPISEs with 0.1 mA cm–2 and 0.2 mAh cm–2. b Modified aurbach CE test in Li||Cu cells with HCEs, PISEs, and TPISEs. c Tafel plots obtained from Li symmetric cells using PISEs and TPISEs. Galvanostatic cycling curves of Li symmetric cells using HCEs, PISEs, and TPISEs at a current density of (d) 0.5 mA cm−2 and (e) 1 mA cm−2. The corresponding SEM images of the cycled Li metal negative electrodes after 100 h are shown in the inset of (d). f AFM images of the cycled Li metal negative electrodes with PISEs (bottom) and TPISEs (top). g 3D views of LiF and C2H6O in the TOF-SIMS sputtered volumes of SEIs formed in HCEs, PISEs, and TPISEs. h F element atomic ratios in the SEIs formed with HCEs, PISEs, and TPISEs by XPS characterization.

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