Fig. 3: Distribution of measurement errors and uncertainty of predicted estimates of public health indicators in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data 2009–2022.
From: Subnational variations in the quality of household survey data in sub-Saharan Africa

a, b standard deviations of predicted estimates of contraceptive use of sexually active women (in green) and incomplete age values (in blue) at 5 × 5 km grid-cell level (a), standard deviations of predicted estimates of stunting prevalence among children (in green) and flagged height-for-age (HAZ) values (in blue) at 5 × 5 km grid-cell level (b). Countries in dark grey were not in the sample. Grid cells with fewer than 10 people per 1 × 1 km and classified as barren or sparsely vegetated or grid cells with population data not available are colored light grey83,94,95,96.