Fig. 7: Arabian Sea High Salinity Water (ASHSW) freshening from model perturbation experiment.
From: Sustained freshening of Arabian Sea High Salinity Water induced by extreme precipitation events
Differences between the control (CNTL) and PPE2019-23 experiments (CNTL–PPE2019-23) for the 5-year period spanning 2019–2023 in a surface salt flux (10−6 psu m s−1) and b salinity in the upper 50 m. Temporal evolution of salinity differences in the upper 50 m for c the eastern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 5°–25°N), d the northern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 20°–25°N), and e mixed layer depth (MLD, m) in the northern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 20°–25°N). MLD is calculated from the density increase equivalent to a 0.5 °C temperature decrease from the surface. Negative values indicate (b) decrease in salinity due to (a) excess precipitation over evaporation (c, d) lower salinity (e) shallower MLD in the CNTL compared to PPE2019-23 experiment.
