Fig. 9: Cyclones and extreme events driving Arabian Sea High Salinity Water (ASHSW) freshening: model experiments.
From: Sustained freshening of Arabian Sea High Salinity Water induced by extreme precipitation events
Salinity differences in the upper 50 m averaged over 2019–2023 between the control run (CNTL) and perturbation experiments: a CNTL–NOPETC, b CNTL–NOTC, and c CNTL–NOPE. Contours are drawn for every a 0.1, b, c 0.05 intervals. Temporal evolution of salinity differences in the upper 50 m for d the eastern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 5°–25°N), e the northern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 20°–25°N), and f mixed layer depth (MLD, m) in the northern Arabian Sea (60°–75°E, 20°–25°N). Relative contributions from the NOPETC (black), NOTC (red), and NOPE (green) experiments are shown. MLD is calculated from the density increase equivalent to a 0.5 °C temperature decrease from the surface. Negative values represent a–e salinity freshening and f shoaling of the MLD in the CNTL relative to perturbation experiments.
