Fig. 3: Trade-offs between production, profit (pre-carbon tax), adoptability and net farm emissions for multiple thematic adaptations to beef farming systems in 2030 (a–c) and 2050 (d–f).
From: Costs of transitioning the livestock sector to net-zero emissions under future climates
Bar charts on the left with dimensions shown on vertical axes (a, d) for livestock production (top), profit (centre) and net GHG emissions (bottom). These values were normalised by the greatest corresponding value for each metric (see 'Methods': Normalised Multidimensional Impact Assessments) in stacked horizontal bar charts (b, e) for multidimensional impact assessment. Normalised values for each metric (b, c, e, f) range from zero to one. Ternary plots (c, f) show normalised net emissions, profit and livestock production as well as ease of adoption attributed by the regional reference group. Hist: historical climates; Base: existing farming system under future climates; LHF: low-hanging fruit package, TCN towards carbon neutral package, ID income diversification, Asp Asparagopsis taxiformis as a feed supplement, Asp + PT (Asp + planting 50 ha trees), TFCE adopting livestock genotypes with transformational feed conversion efficiency, CN1 carbon neutral package 1 (Asp + TFCE + planting 50 ha trees), CN2 carbon neutral package 2 (Asp + TFCE + 55 ha trees 2030 and 110 ha trees 2050), CN3 carbon neutral package 3 (Asp + renovating pastures with lucerne + planting 50 ha trees), CN4 carbon neutral package 4 (Asp + renovating pastures with lucerne + 55 ha trees 2030 and 110 ha trees 2050).
