Fig. 3: Experimental demonstration of 3D PVVBs with customized intensity trajectories.
From: Monolithic silicon carbide metasurfaces for engineering arbitrary 3D perfect vector vortex beams
a, b The measured and reconstructed 3D spatial intensity distributions of 6 states for the two 3D PVVBs (namely PVVB1 and PVVB2) with polarization orders \({l}_{p}\) of +5 and \(-\)15.5 after filtering through a horizontal linear polarizer (denoted by green arrows). These output states, I to VI, are generated by illuminating metasurfaces with RCP, four linearly polarized, and LCP states of lights (denoted by white arrows). c, f The measured and reconstructed 3D spatial intensity distributions of the state II for the PVVB1 and PVVB2 without any polarization analyzer. d, g The projections of the 3D spatial intensity distributions in (c, f) on the x-y plane. e, h The measured and reconstructed 3D distributions of polarization azimuth of the state II for the PVVB1 and PVVB2. The polarization orientation parallel to the x-axis is defined as 0 or π rad.
