Fig. 2: Dominant contributors to the change in lake heat release (LHR) and the sensitivity of upward longwave radiation (LWup) to lake surface water temperature (LSWT). | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: Dominant contributors to the change in lake heat release (LHR) and the sensitivity of upward longwave radiation (LWup) to lake surface water temperature (LSWT).

From: Enhanced heating effect of lakes under global warming

Fig. 2

a Spatial pattern of dominant contributors driving LHR. b Latitudinal average (5° bins) of changes in each contributor. The contributors include LWup, upward shortwave radiation (SWup), sensible heat flux (SH) and latent heat flux (LH). Spatial pattern (c) and latitudinal average (5° bins) (d) of the sensitivity of LWup to LSWT. e Latitudinal average (5° bins) of LSWT changes. Latitudinal averages are weighted by lake area, and the shaded regions represent the ensemble standard deviation. The grid cells in spatial maps correspond to representative lakes (see Methods). All changes compare present-day (1991–2020) with pre-industrial conditions. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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