Fig. 1: MAIT cell ratios negatively correlate with disease severity in HBV-related liver failure.

A, B Representative plots (A) and summarized graph (B, left panel) for MAIT cell staining by 6-FP/MR1 tetramer, 5-OP-RU/MR1 tetramer, and/or anti-CD161/TCRVα7.2 antibodies from healthy donors (HD, n = 5) and liver failure patients (LF, n = 5). Summarized graphs (B, right panel) of the numbers of circulating MAIT cells (cMAIT) from HD (n = 5) and LF (n = 5). Statistical significance was assessed by the two-sided student’s t test. C Summarized graphs of frequencies and numbers of hepatic MAIT cells (hMAIT) staining by 5-OP-RU/MR1 tetramer from HBV negative carcinoid patients (HBVN, n = 6), chronic hepatitis B patients with compensated liver function (Comp, n = 6), and liver failure patients (LF, n = 3). Statistical significance was assessed by a two-sided unpaired t test between the two groups. D Summarized frequencies of circulating CD161⁺TCRVα7.2⁺ MAIT cells (cMAIT) in T from HD (n = 292), Comp (n = 180) and LF (n = 107) and frequencies of hMAIT from HBVN (n = 50), Comp (n = 70) and LF (n = 42). Statistical significance was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s test. E The proportion of liver failure patients with different degree of necrosis in groups with MAIT cell frequencies higher than 10% (MAIT^high, n = 10) and lower than 10% (MAIT^low, n = 20) (left panel); Spearman correlation between frequencies of hMAIT and necrosis areas of liver tissue from liver failure patients (n = 30, right panel). F Spearman correlation between the scores of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and ratios of cMAIT (n = 102) and hMAIT (n = 40) from liver failure patients. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n-values represent biological replicates. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.