Fig. 5: Electrochemical performance of co-rolled film.

a Long-term cycling of co-rolled film and freestanding films at 1 C (200 mA g⁻¹) under 75 MPa and 60 °C. b Long-term cycling of co-rolled film and freestanding films at 0.5 C (100 mA g⁻¹) under 2 MPa and 60 °C. c Voltage profiles of co-rolled film at 0.2 C (40 mA g⁻¹) under 75 and 2 MPa. d Voltage profiles of freestanding films at 0.2 C (40 mA g⁻¹) under 75 and 2 MPa. e Cross-sectional SEM images and void distribution of co-rolled film and freestanding films after cycling at 75 and 2 MPa. Scale bar is 10 µm. f Void area of positive electrode and interface relative to SSE of co-rolled film and freestanding films after cycling at 75 and 2 MPa. For void analysis, 75 MPa cells were cycled at 1 C (200 mA g⁻¹) for 1000 cycles, and 2 MPa cells were cycled at 0.5 C (100 mA g⁻¹) for 500 cycles at 60 °C. All cells were disassembled at discharged state. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.