Fig. 2: PRMT3 enhances Tat-dependent HIV-1 transcription and latency reversal.

a–c Luciferase activities were measured in NH1 cells transfected with shRNA targeting PRMT3 (a) (p = 0.0021, p = 0.0024), Flag-PRMT3 (b) (p = 0.0098), or in NH1 (WT) and PRMT3 knockout (KO) cells cotransfected with control vector or Tat together with or without Flag-PRMT3 (p = 0.0012, p = 0.0006, p = 0.0015, p = 0.0053). d–h Luciferase activities were measured in WT and KO cells treated with DMSO, JQ1 (d) (p = 0.0002, p = 0.0036), PMA (e) (p = 0.0009, p = 0.0036), or NH1 cells added with Tat (f) (p = 0.0131, p = 0.0050, p = 0.0009), treated with JQ1 (5 μM) (g) (p = 0.0013, p = 0.0004, p = 0.00001) or PMA (200 nM) (h) (p = 0.0022, p = 0.0012, p = 0.0008), together with or without SGC707. i, j The relative HIV-1 RNA copies (i) (p = 0.0009, p = 0.0015, p = 0.00003) and p24 expression (j) (p = 0.0012, p = 0.0006, p = 0.0006) in HIV-1 CRF01-AE infected MT4 cells treated with SGC707 was measured. k, l. The HIV-1 RNA copies were measured in HIV-1 infected WT or KO TZM-bl cells (k) (p = 0.0122). The PRMT3 level (right in panel k) and relative mRNA level of gag was detected (l) (p = 0.0012). m, n Representative flow cytometry analysis of 2D10 cells treated with JQ1 (m) or PMA (n) with or without SGC707. o, p The percentage of GFP⁺ cells indicates the HIV-1 transcription activation (o: p = 0.0184, p = 0.0022, p = 0.0013, p: p = 0.0003, p = 0.0022, p = 0.0006). q Schematic of HIV-1 detection in patients’ primary cells. r, s HIV-1 RNA copies were detected in CD4⁺ T cells treated with DMSO, JQ1, JQ1 + SGC707 (r) (p = 0.0277), or PMA, PMA + SGC707 (s) (p = 0.0277). Error bars = mean +/− SD of three biological replicates except (r and s) (n = 6). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, two-tailed t test. Wilcoxon’s matched-pairs signed-rank test was performed in r and s. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.