Fig. 6: DVC excites AVA by activating NMR-1 and GLR-4.
From: Hierarchical competing inhibition circuits govern motor stability in C. elegans
a Raw velocities of WT, mutant (eat-4, nmr-1, glr-4, and nmr-1; glr-4) and rescued (nmr-1; glr-4;AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4) animals are shown by color maps and velocity traces, respectively (n = 15 (wild type), 15 (eat-4), 18 (nmr-1), 22 (glr-4), 20 (nmr-1; glr-4), 14 (AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4) animals), biological replicates. Error bars, SEM. b Quantification of backward duration in (a). NMR-1 and GLR-4 are involved in DVC-induced backward locomotion (p = 0.0093, 0.0447, <0.001, <0.001, 0.3835, 0.0011, 0.0307, <0.001). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA. Error bars, SEM. c, e Representative postsynaptic PSCs traces (c) and APs’ diagrams (e). d, f The quantification of the ∆ Average current (d) and ∆ AP frequency (f) of the above animals are shown (d, n = 8 (wild type), 8 (eat-4), 10 (nmr-1), 9 (glr-4), 7 (nmr-1; glr-4), 7 (AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4) animals; f, n = 5 (wild type), 6 (eat-4), 7 (nmr-1), 6 (glr-4), 8 (nmr-1; glr-4), 8 (AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4) animals) (d: p < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, < 0.001, = 0.5689, 0.0094, 0.0431, <0.001, f: p < 0.001, = 0.0207, 0.0186, <0.001, = 0.0666, 0.0168, 0.0365, 0.0081). *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA. Error bars, SEM. g Left, Schematic diagram of the neuron-patching experiment. Right, Representative membrane potential traces of WT, nmr-1; glr-4, and nmr-1; glr-4; AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4 animals with ATR. h Comparisons of the Δ Voltage among the three groups of animals are shown (n = 7 (wild type), 6 (nmr-1; glr-4), 5 (AVA::NMR-1/GLR-4) animals) (p = 0.8489, 0.0043, 0.0232). Δ Voltage, the potential difference between illumination and preillumination. AP freq., action potential frequency. Yellow shaded, light stimulation. Yellow arrows, light stimulation. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ns, not significant; one-way ANOVA. Error bars, SEM. i The functional neural circuit of DVC neurons. DVC excites AVA by activating NMR-1 and GLR-4. The above p-values are all listed in the order of significance symbols (from top to bottom, left to right). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
