Fig. 6: PS-DNN-based high-security data transmission/exchange system.

a Schematic of the incident Letters with predesigned polarizations. b, c Schematic illustration of the decoding process performed by a PS-DNN letter classifier with three discrete keys. d–g Experimental results for the detected signals and decoded binary codes at 0.6 THz, measured at the top-left and top-right corners under forward and backward transmission. The same polarized-image sequence is used as the input, demonstrating shared and confidential data decoding.