Fig. 3: Engineering global TFs to increase metabolic flux through central carbon metabolism.

a Schematic illustrating TF analysis. To shift from’Aerobic Respiratory Metabolism’ to ‘Aerobic Fermentative Metabolism’ when using xylose, a TF analysis was conducted. This analysis utilized two sets of input data: the comprehensive yeast genome, encompassing 6329 genes (input I), and a subset of 603 genes related to central metabolism (input II). b The top 10 enriched TFs in both the upregulated and downregulated classes were identified using either gene input I or input II. Expression levels of the 30 overlapping TFs from inputs I and II were documented. p-adj (adjusted p-values, calculated by the Benjamini–Hochberg method). c Experimental validation of the significantly upregulated TFs via gene overexpression. d Experimental validation of the significantly downregulated TFs via gene deletion. For (c) and (d), strain R30c was used as the control. Strains were grown in a minimal medium with 2% xylose as the sole carbon source. For (c) and (d), all data represent the mean derived from n = 3 biologically independent samples, with error bars indicating the standard deviation. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.