Fig. 3: The spectral and structural characterizations of HED-Nb2O5.
From: High-entropy-doping effect in a rapid-charging Nb2O5 lithium-ion battery negative electrode

a Rietveld refinements of powder XRD patterns, b Raman spectra and c XPS spectra of TT-, T-, M-, HED-, and H-Nb2O5. d–f TEM images, and corresponding FFT (fast Fourier transform) patterns of HED-Nb2O5. Scale bar, 5 nm. The colour gradient from Tibetan green to grass green in (a–c) represents from H-Nb2O5 to TT-Nb2O5, respectively.