Fig. 4: Spermine and acrolein induce accumulation of Z-RNA.
From: Ferroptosis-activating metabolite acrolein antagonizes necroptosis and anti-cancer therapeutics
A–C Dot blot analysis for Z-RNA in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) after stimulation with (A) spermine (Spm) with or without fetal bovine serum (FBS); (B) Spm with FBS or human serum (HS); (C) acrolein (Acr) in FBS. D, E Real-time analysis of cell death in wild-type (WT) and Zbp1−/− BMDMs treated with (D) Spm; (E) Acr. F, G Real-time analysis of cell death in WT and Zbp1∆Zα2 BMDMs treated with (F) Spm; (G) Acr. H, I Immunoblot analysis of phosphorylated receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (pRIPK3), total RIPK3 (tRIPK3), phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (pMLKL), and total MLKL (tMLKL) in WT and Zbp1−/− BMDMs treated with (H) Spm; (I) Acr in the presence or absence of necrostatin-1 (Nec-1). GAPDH was used as an internal control. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; ****P < 0.0001 (two-way ANOVA and two-tailed t test; n = 4 from 4 biologically independent samples) (D–G). Data are representative of at least three independent experiments (A–C, H, and I). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
