Fig. 5: Catalytic reactions and adsorption configuration, kinetics over Pd-based Catalysts.

a DMC hydrogenolysis rate over Pd/C and Pd/C-O. b CHO acetal and DMC hydrogenolysis rate over the mixture of Pd/C and benzoic acid or PHO. c in situ DRIFT spectra of adsorbed PHO on various catalysts. The adsorption kinetics of d benzene and e PHO over different catalysts. Adsorption conditions: methanol (50 mL), catalysts (20 mg), PHO or benzene (0.003 mmol), temperature (30 °C). The concentration was quantified by UV-visible spectroscopy. f The catalytic performance of PHO reaction over the mixture HZSM-5 and Ru/C or Pd/C, Pd/Al2O3, Pd/HZSM-5. Reaction conditions: methanol (15 mL), reactant (0.09 mmol), temperature (110 °C), H2 pressure (2.0 MPa), a catalysts (20 mg), time (0.5 h); b Pd/C (20 mg), benzoic acid or PHO (0.04 mmol), time (0.5 h); f Pd/C-O (20 mg), Pd/Al2O3 (20 mg), Pd/HZSM-5 (20 mg), Pd/C (4 mg), or Ru/C (2 mg), HZSM-5 (20 mg), time (6 h). The products were quantified by GC.