Fig. 5: Classification of flame motion in MIR images using RC system based on MIR synaptic transistors.

a Schematic of a flying fire beetle detecting fire in motion through MIR light in the forest. b Schematic of the RC system for recognizing and classifying the flame movement directions. c, d Demonstration of flame movement in rightward and upward directions, with final integrated images. Each flame motion was divided into three moments (t0, t1, and t2), each representing one frame. e Confusion matrix for classifying nine flame motion directions. f Classification accuracy over epochs for the flame motion directions. g Loss over epochs for the classification of flame motion directions. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.