Table 1 Comparison of the two Early Copper Age communities through the most important metrics and characteristics
From: Ancient DNA reveals diverse community organizations in the 5th millennium BCE Carpathian Basin
Tiszapolgár-Basatanya Early Copper Age | Urziceni-Vamă Early Copper Age | Significance in difference between the sites | |
|---|---|---|---|
Anthropological sex estimation (in excavated graves) | 43.0% male, 35.76% female, 19.9% children, 1.3% symbolic | 27.9% male, 43.3% female, 21.2% children, 8% not determined | |
Bayesian-modeled radiocarbon dating of the cemetery (68.3%) | 4355-4270 to 4150-3990 cal BCE | 4285-4130 to 4035-3940 cal BCE | |
Pottery styles | Tiszapolgár, Bodrogkeresztúr | Bodrogkeresztúr, Salcuța | |
% ind. analyzed in PCA (n analysed / excavated) | 19.5% (30/154) | 55.8% (72/129) | |
% ind. analyzed in IBD (n analysed / excavated) | 18.8% (29/154) | 47.3% (61/129) | |
% PCA outliers | 6.7% (2/30) | 11.1% (8/72) | p = 0.49 |
% ind. with EHG Z score > 2 in qpAdm | 3.3% (1/30) | 24.6% (16/65) | p = 0.026 |
IBD kw/k | 0.433 | 0.313 | p = 0.86 |
IBD cliques W/B | 0.98 (423/432) | 0.49 (50/102) | p = 0.0001 |
IBD cliques Chi2 W/B module male/female diff. | p = 0.0036 | p = 0.2289 | p = 1.79×10-5 (males W/B) |
IBD Ne | 6000-7500 | 38,900-50,900 | 6.65× diff. |
% Y-chr diff. lineages/ total | 18.8% (3/16) | 36.7% (11/30) | p = 0.357 |
% diff. mtDNA subhaplogroups/ total | 60% (18/30) | 58.7% (44/75) | p = 1 |
% Inbreeding (min 50 cM, > 20 cM blocks) | 20% (6/30) | 3.3% (2/61) | p = 0.014 |
Cemetery organization | 3 kindreds with 2-6-8 members, related inds. buried in proximity of each other | 11 kindreds with 2-3 members only, buried also in larger distances, no fathers in pedigrees | |
Community structure | patrilineal, patrilocal | non-patrilineal, non-patrilocal |
