Fig. 4: Impact of TLR stimulation on immunogenicity of VLP variants.

A–F Immunogenicity of 150 μg intramuscular (IM) dose of chimeric NDV VLP variant expressing the indicated protein with AS01 adjuvant (A, B) or TLR agonist encapsidated RNA40 (C–F). Animals immunized with constructs without RNA40 are shown in gray. G Heatmap of serum neutralizing activity (ID50) against a panel of 10 HIV-1 Env pseudoviruses from clades (A–C), and SIVmac256. Blue arrows indicate the week of the IM-administered immunization. Serum neutralizing antibody titers (ID50) of each rabbit (n = 6) are shown in dots, and the median value for each time point is connected with a solid line.