Fig. 3: The theoretical normalized electron emission current density in nanogaps.
a The normalized electron emission current density μQC = JQ/JCL (black lines) and μMC = JMG/JCL (red lines) as a function of electrostatic fields FP = 1 to 12 V/nm (FP = VP/dsep, VP is the applied voltage between the plates, dsep is distance between well-separated parallel planar plates) at dsep = 1 nm for the tungsten (cathode)-gold (anode) parallel-plate electrode structure, based on theoretical calculations. Here, JCL is the classical Child-Langmuir (CL) law, JMG is the MG FE equation, and JQ is obtained by a self-consistent quantum model53,54. b μQC = JQ/JCL (black lines) and μMC = JMG/JCL (red lines) at dsep = 5 nm. c μQC = JQ/JCL (black lines) and μMC = JMG/JCL (red lines) at dsep = 10 nm.
