Fig. 3: Secretome of hMSCs on flat and micropillar mPOC/HA surfaces.

a PCA plot of differentially expressed proteins secreted by hMSCs on flat and micropillars. Cyan: flat; Red: micropillar. b Volcano plot of proteins secreted by hMSCs seeded on micropillars compared to the flat surface. Blue and orange dots indicate significantly downregulated and upregulated proteins secreted by cells on micropillars compared to those on flat surface. Grey dots indicate non-significantly changed proteins. A threshold of expression greater than 2 times fold-change with p < 0.05 was considered to be significant (non-paired Student’s t-test (two-sided)). Proteins that are related with collagen-ECM pathways are labeled. c Top 4 significantly enriched GO terms and Pathways identified through over-representation analysis using the one-sided Fisher’s exact test. Significance was determined based on adjusted p-values < 0.05 (FDR < 5%, Benjamini-Hochberg). ***p < 0.001. d The most significantly enriched Biological Processes (one-sided Fisher’s exact test, adjusted p-values < 0.05 (FDR < 5%, Benjamini-Hochberg)). e Heatmap of proteins that are related to collagen-containing extracellular matrix and ossification. F indicates flat samples and P indicates pillar samples, n = 3 biological replicates for each group. f The linkages of proteins and GO terms in biological processes related to collagen fibers, ECM, and ossification as a network. g Heatmap of the top 15 enriched terms plotted based on Reactome pathway analysis. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.