Fig. 2: The anti-tumor effect of caffeine dependents on CD8+ T-cell function.
From: Caffeine enhances antitumor T-cell activity by suppressing kynurenine pathway in colorectal cancer
Flow cytometry analysis of CD8+ T cells and exhaustion markers (PD-1, LAG3) in a spontaneous tumor in APCmin/+ mice and b orthotopic CT26 tumor in BALB/c mice treated with caffeine (0.1% w/v, daily) or control (n = 4 per group). Quantification of immune cell populations (CD4+ T cells, B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils) in c spontaneous tumor in APCmin/+ mice and d orthotopic CT26 tumor in BALB/c mice treated with caffeine or control (n = 4 per group). Immunohistochemistry staining and quantification of CD8+ T cells in e spontaneous tumor in APCmin/+ mice and f orthotopic CT26 tumor in BALB/c mice treated with caffeine or control (n = 6 per group). Scale bars, 200 μm, 100 μm, 20 μm. g Schematic depicting the treatment of caffeine (0.1% w/v, daily) or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (CD8 mAb, 200 μg/mouse, ip. twice weekly) in orthotopic CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. Representative images of tumor from control or caffeine-treated and CD8 mAb treatment groups (n = 3 per group). Scale bars, 1 cm. Quantification of the maximum tumor size and tumor weight. h Kaplan-Meier survival curves of orthotopic CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice treated with caffeine or control and CD8 mAb (n = 4 per group). i Schematic depicting the treatment of caffeine (0.1% w/v, daily) and CD8 mAb (200 μg/mouse, ip. twice weekly) in subcutaneous MC38 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. Representative images of tumor from control or caffeine-treated and CD8 mAb treatment groups (n = 6 per group). Scale bars, 1 cm. Quantification of the tumor growth curve and tumor weight. j Kaplan-Meier survival curves of subcutaneous MC38 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice treated with caffeine or control and CD8 mAb (n = 6 per group). s.c., subcutaneous inject. o.i., orthotopic inject. Data error bars are mean ± SD. The statistical analysis of tumor growth curve is Two-way ANOVA, the survival curve is Log-rank test, the others are Student’s two-tailed unpaired t-test. The images of mice elements were drawn by Figdraw. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
