Fig. 2: PADI4 facilitates HIV-1 transcription after cell stimulation in cell models.

a J-Lat 5A8 cells treated with PADI inhibitors and PMAi activation. GFP measured by flow cytometry (n = 11 DMSO, n = 7 Cl-Amidine, n = 4 CAY10723, n = 8 GSK484). b PADI4 expression in 5A8 measured by ddPCR under PMAi and GSK484 treatment (n = 4). c Time course of 5A8 under PMAi and GSK484 treatment and flow cytometry quantification of GFP. Cells were washed and resuspended in new media without drugs after 1 h (n = 3). d H3cit (R2, R8, R17 residues) quantification by immunoblot in 5A8 with PMAi and GSK484 treatment at two early timepoints (n = 3). e T cell activation phenotype for 5A8 as measured by flow cytometry. CD69 appears early during T cell activation, CD25 appears late during late T cell activation. f T cell activation of 5A8 after 24 h with different PADI4 inhibitors and PMAi activated cells (n = 3). g U1 cells treated with PMA and GSK484 for 24 h and quantified with flow cytometry (n = 3). h Polyclonal K562-Lat treated with PMAi and GSK484 for 24 h and quantified with flow cytometry (n = 4). i Polyclonal K562-Lat treated with PMAi, GSK484, and CAY10723 for 24 h and quantified with flow cytometry (n = 3). j HIV-1-GFP infected K562 cells with CRISPRi targeting PADI4 or negative control treated with PMAi (n = 3). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. The number of independent experiments is denoted by n. Exact p-values were calculated with two-sided unpaired Student's t tests. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.