Fig. 3: Energy storage performance of the xNBCSNLT samples.

a Pm as a function of Eb for all the samples (The dotted line is the fitting curve based Eq. (1)). b Wrec and ƞ of the 0.55NBCSNLT sample versus other energy storage ceramics with Wrec ≥ 10 J/cm3. c Undamped charge and d over-damped discharge curves recorded under various fields ranging from 400 to 550 kV/cm, e calculated WD versus time of the 0.55NBCSNLT sample. f P-E loops under different temperatures and different frequencies of the 0.55NBCSNLT sample, and g the deduced Wrec and ƞ as a function of temperature and frequency.