Fig. 6: Predictions drawn from a single equation are missing a dimension of variation.
From: Phylogenetically informed predictions outperform predictive equations in real and simulated data
a Predictions of call frequency were made on a tree with no branch-length information, where all branches were fixed to one and all taxa were inserted as polytomies (total n = 112). Extinct taxa are marked with †. Archaboilus, marked in yellow, belongs to a different family to all other species in the tree. Species with no call frequency data are marked with pink (n = 18). b Distributions of pairwise differences between each of the three methods being compared (OLS: ordinary least squares predictive equations, green; PGLS: phylogenetic generalised least squares predictive equations, orange; phylogenetically informed predictions, blue), demonstrating hidden variation in the estimates that cannot be observed using simple equations.
