Fig. 2: Electrostatic view to understand how PNRs improve energy storage.
From: Harnessing local inhomogeneity for enhanced dielectric energy storage

a–d, Structure, Landau energy, electric energy and electric field distributions with the field Ey is applied. The domain size increases from (a) to (d). e Local P–E loops along the arrow marked in (b) from bottom to top. The two ends represent the matrix and the middle three represent the PNR. Note that the fourth loop is very near the PNR/matrix interface, showing the most controlled behavior. f Local susceptibility mapping as the domain size increases from top to bottom.