Fig. 1: Mechanism of MOD.
From: 3D ultra-broadband optically dispersive microregions in lithium niobate
a Schematic of dispersive microregion creation in the LiNbO3 crystal matrix. Black arrow indicates the writing direction. E indicates the laser polarization. b Schematic of the inner structure of a dispersive microregion (left) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image of crystal-to-amorphous phase transition zone (right). Insets: fast Fourier transform (FFT) images of the dotted areas. c Schematic of the optical modulations offered by SPNs in the dispersive microregion. d Experimentally observed localized interference of O and E light in the dispersive microregion. Color bar: light intensity. e Schematic of generating monochromatic MOD signals with dispersive microregions (up) and experimental results (down). Scale bar: 10 µm. f Schematic of generating chromatic MOD signals with an angled dispersive microregion (up) and experimental result (down). Scale bar: 50 µm. φn indicates the phase difference of O and E light induced by different optical paths.
