Fig. 5: In vivo osteosarcoma xenograft killing effect.

a Illustration of 143b osteosarcoma xenograft establishment and the treatment procedure. b Schematic diagram of the osteosarcoma eradication mechanism of HS-ICTO. c Digital photos of the osteosarcoma xenograft after excision on day 15. d Tumor volumes are recorded every third day (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group; tumor volumes on day 15 were used for statistical analysis). e The tumor xenograft weights were measured on day 15 after excision (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group). f The tumor growth inhibition ratios (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group). g Mouse weight change presented as a heat map (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group). h The H&E, TUNEL, and Ki67 fluorescence staining images of the tumors from different groups. The fluorescence images were representative of three independently repeated experiments from each group. i Quantitative analysis of the TUNEL-positive stained cell numbers (n = 5 biologically independent replicates). j Quantitative analysis of the MFI of Ki67 staining (n = 5 biologically independent mice per group). Data are presented as mean ± SD, and ns represents no significant difference; statistical significance was calculated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons; all tests were two-sided. In (j), a.u. indicates the arbitrary units. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.