Fig. 5: Lactate induces transcriptome sequencing and differential gene analysis in K. pneumoniae.

a Volcano map showing differentially expressed genes in Kp9925 cultured in LB versus Lac-LB. b KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes. c Validation of gfrA, gfrB, gfrC and gfrD expression in 10 K. pneumoniae isolates cultured in LB and Lac-LB. For (a, b) Fisher’s exact test was used to test significance and adjusted by Benjamini and Hochberg. For panel c, statistical analysis was conducted using a two-sided independent-samples t-test. Error bars represent the mean ± SD. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.