Fig. 3: Photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PI-ReToF-MS).

During temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), molecules subliming from irradiated CO2–H2O ices are photoionized and mass-analyzed. Ion counts recorded at 11.45 eV, 11.26 eV, 11.08 eV, and 10.87 eV during PI-ReToF-MS experiments are shown as a function of temperature and mass-to-charge ratio.