Fig. 4: Overview of the Self-controlled Case Series Study Design. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Overview of the Self-controlled Case Series Study Design.

From: Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study

Fig. 4

Notes: The main risk period was days 0–2 for anaphylaxis and days 1–29 for other outcomes following XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. The reference period included both a pre-vaccination and post-vaccination time frame. The pre-vaccination period started 29 days after a previous non-XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 vaccine and ended 14 days before the XBB.1.5-containing vaccination. The 28-day gap was included to minimize the influence of prior vaccinations. A 14-day pre-exposure window was excluded to prevent bias from event-dependent exposure. The post-vaccination period began immediately after the defined risk period and continued until the end of the study.

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