Fig. 5: Operando Nb K-edge and W LIII-edge XANES characterization during lithiation and delithiation. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Operando Nb K-edge and W LIII-edge XANES characterization during lithiation and delithiation.

From: A partially disordered crystallographic shear block structure as fast-charging negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries

Fig. 5

Operando Nb K-edge and W LIII-edge XANES contour plots of (a) m-Nb12WO33 and (b) dt-Nb12WO33 (the corresponding voltage profiles for the first cycle are shown on the right side). Operando Nb K-edge XANES spectra of dt-Nb12WO33 for the (c) discharge and (d) charge processes. Operando W LIII-edge XANES spectra of m-Nb12WO33 for the (e) discharge and (f) charge processes. Operando W LIII-edge XANES spectra of dt-Nb12WO33 for the (g) discharge and (h) charge processes. i Pre-edge integrated peak intensity from the Nb K-edge XANES spectra of m-Nb12WO33 and dt-Nb12WO33. Oxidation states of (j) Nb and (k) W as a function of x in LixNb12WO33 during lithiation. Oxidation state error bars are estimated to be ±0.3 as a function of energy data resolution.

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