Fig. 4: Albumin-induced cytotoxicity relies on fungal iron acquisition.
From: Host albumin redirects Candida albicans metabolism to engage an alternative pathogenicity pathway
A Binding of albumin (Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated; 0.1 mg/mL) after 6 h at 37 °C and 5% CO2 to C. albicans WT (BWP17/Clp30) and an als3ΔΔ mutant. Images were taken after 6 h at ×64 magnification (scale bar = 20 µm). Representative images of n = 3 experiments. B Differentially expressed protein kinase genes. C Growth of C. albicans protein kinase deletion mutants and WT strain in RPMI-1640 with or without albumin assessed by optical density measurements every 30 min for 24 h at 600 nm (n = 3). Cytotoxicity of A-431 cells infected with C. albicans protein kinase deletion mutants and WT strains with or without albumin (D–F) and/or 50 μM BPS (G) after 45 h post infection (hpi) (D, F, G n = 3, E uninfected and SC5314 n = 12, ire1ΔΔ, sln1ΔΔ, sch9ΔΔ, rim1ΔΔ, cek2ΔΔ, and ksp1ΔΔ n = 6). Cytotoxicity was quantified by measuring the LDH activity in the supernatant. Bars represent the mean ± SEM, and dots represent the mean of the technical replicates of the individual experiments (D–G). E–G Data were compared using a two-way ANOVA with Holm-Šídák multiple comparisons test. P values are provided in the figure for significant comparisons Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
