Fig. 4: The Debye screening effect mechanism induced by PCNH’s nanopores.
From: Cellulose hydrogel with in-situ confined nanopores for boosting moist-electric conversion
PCNH is defined as delignified pomelo peel (DPP)-confined carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nanofluidic hydrogel. A A comparison of open-circuit voltage (Voc) at 80% relative humidity (RH) between PCNH-MEG and CMCH-MEG. Data represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). B The proposed mechanism of streaming potential involves ion diffusion along the negatively charged surface of nanopores in PCNH. C The transmembrane pressure difference (ΔP) of PCNH samples (PCNH4, PCNH2, PCNH, PCNH1) with varying pore sizes. The ΔP data represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). D The schematic of an electrical double layer and electric potential profile normal to the negatively charged wall in PCNH. E A custom test device wherein different concentrations of KCl moisture are passed into one side of the PCNH. F The ion concentration affects the generated Voc of PCNH-MEG and the Debye length in PCNH. The Voc data represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). G The PCNH possesses satisfactory ion selectivity permitting only counter-ions to pass. H The pore size and genarated Voc of PCNH-MEG prepared by filling different volumes of CMC. The Voc data represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). I The generated Voc of CMCH-MEG at original, dried, and swelled state. The inset is the corresponding schematic picture and morphology of CMCH. J The Zeta potential comparison of PCNH samples (PCNH0.80, PCNH1.12, PCNH1.34) prepared by filling different DS of CMC. K The variation of surface charge density and generated Voc of PCNH-MEG with CMC’s DS. The Voc data represents the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).
