Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with and without virologic rebound in all-patients, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients, and molnupiravir recipients before weighting
All patients | SMD after weighting# | Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients | SMD after weighting# | Molnupiravir recipients | SMD after weighting# | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Without VR (n = 12,322) | With VR (n = 1573) | Without VR (n = 3542) | With VR (n = 417) | Without VR (n = 3943) | With VR (n = 559) | ||||
Age, years | 76.5 (15.6) | 74.6 (15.8) | −0.02 | 77.5 (14.2) | 77.9 (13.6) | -0.03 | 77.7 (15.1) | 73.9 (15.6) | –0.01 |
Sex | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||
Female | 5871 (47.6) | 659 (41.9) | 1669 (47.1) | 184 (44.1) | 2002 (50.8) | 238 (42.6) | |||
Male | 6451 (52.4) | 914 (58.1) | 1873 (52.9) | 233 (55.9) | 1941 (49.2) | 321 (57.4) | |||
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | 0.01 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.02 | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | -0.01 |
Myocardial infarction | 299 (2.4) | 68 (4.3) | 37 (1.0) | 6 (1.4) | 149 (3.8) | 42 (7.5) | |||
Congestive heart failure | 774 (6.3) | 149 (9.5) | 122 (3.4) | 21 (5.0) | 331 (8.4) | 74 (13.2) | |||
Peripheral vascular disease | 134 (1.1) | 28 (1.8) | 24 (0.7) | 8 (1.9) | 49 (1.2) | 11 (2.0) | |||
Cerebrovascular disease | 1086 (8.8) | 146 (9.3) | 208 (5.9) | 27 (6.5) | 473 (12.0) | 63 (11.3) | |||
Dementia | 316 (2.6) | 29 (1.8) | 43 (1.2) | 2 (0.5) | 163 (4.1) | 16 (2.9) | |||
Chronic pulmonary disease | 717 (5.8) | 92 (5.8) | 153 (4.3) | 23 (5.5) | 175 (4.4) | 19 (3.4) | |||
Rheumatic disease | 90 (0.7) | 16 (1.0) | 23 (0.6) | 4 (1.0) | 28 (0.7) | 8 (1.4) | |||
Peptic ulcer disease | 268 (2.2) | 37 (2.4) | 64 (1.8) | 15 (3.6) | 88 (2.2) | 10 (1.8) | |||
Mild liver disease | 396 (3.2) | 60 (3.8) | 85 (2.4) | 12 (2.9) | 146 (3.7) | 21 (3.8) | |||
Diabetes without complication | 1438 (11.7) | 208 (13.2) | 301 (8.5) | 36 (8.6) | 601 (15.2) | 99 (17.7) | |||
Diabetes with complication | 274 (2.2) | 47 (3.0) | 42 (1.2) | 5 (1.2) | 139 (3.5) | 27 (4.8) | |||
Hemiplegia or paraplegia | 99 (0.8) | 15 (1.0) | 17 (0.5) | 1 (0.2) | 41 (1.0) | 9 (1.6) | |||
Renal disease | 873 (7.1) | 192 (12.2) | 85 (2.4) | 13 (3.1) | 491 (12.5) | 127 (22.7) | |||
Malignancy | 947 (7.7) | 151 (9.6) | 299 (8.4) | 54 (12.9) | 245 (6.2) | 38 (6.8) | |||
Moderate-to-severe liver disease | 44 (0.4) | 7 (0.4) | 11 (0.3) | 2 (0.5) | 14 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) | |||
Metastatic solid tumor | 281 (2.3) | 46 (2.9) | 92 (2.6) | 25 (6.0) | 74 (1.9) | 10 (1.8) | |||
AIDS/HIV | 4 (<0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (<0.1) | 0 (<0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Immunocompromised | 377 (3.1) | 80 (5.1) | –0.02 | 83 (2.3) | 17 (4.1) | 0.00 | 122 (3.1) | 25 (4.5) | –0.02 |
Vaccination status | |||||||||
0 dose | 3269 (26.5) | 387 (24.6) | -0.02 | 772 (21.8) | 95 (22.8) | -0.01 | 947 (24.0) | 113 (20.2) | –0.04 |
1–2 doses | 3306 (26.8) | 434 (27.6) | 0.00 | 755 (21.3) | 100 (24.0) | 0.02 | 950 (24.1) | 143 (25.6) | –0.03 |
≥ 3 doses | 5747 (46.6) | 752 (47.8) | 0.01 | 2015 (56.9) | 222 (53.2) | 0.00 | 2046 (51.9) | 303 (54.2) | –0.05 |
Concomitant treatment | |||||||||
Dexamethasone | 4075 (33.1) | 621 (39.5) | -0.02 | 728 (20.6) | 140 (33.6) | –0.01 | 965 (24.5) | 133 (23.8) | -0.02 |
Methylprednisolone | 21 (0.2) | 4 (0.3) | 0.00 | 4 (0.1) | 2 (0.5) | 0.01 | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.00 |
Prednisolone | 886 (7.2) | 157 (10.0) | –0.02 | 175 (4.9) | 31 (7.4) | –0.03 | 225 (5.7) | 45 (8.1) | –0.03 |
Interferon | 66 (0.5) | 14 (0.9) | 0.00 | 4 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 0.00 | 9 (0.2) | 2 (0.4) | –0.01 |
Baricitinib | 375 (3.0) | 100 (6.4) | –0.02 | 95 (2.7) | 36 (8.6) | –0.02 | 72 (1.8) | 11 (2.0) | –0.03 |
Tocilizumab | 147 (1.2) | 31 (2.0) | 0.00 | 23 (0.6) | 8 (1.9) | 0.00 | 21 (0.5) | 10 (1.8) | 0.02 |
Remdesivir | 2987 (24.2) | 526 (33.4) | 0.01 | 509 (14.4) | 101 (24.2) | –0.01 | 654 (16.6) | 113 (20.2) | 0.00 |
Intensive care unit | 501 (4.1) | 119 (7.6) | 0.00 | 77 (2.2) | 31 (7.4) | 0.05 | 83 (2.1) | 19 (3.4) | –0.05 |
Use of ventilation support | 299 (2.4) | 50 (3.2) | 0.00 | 54 (1.5) | 14 (3.4) | 0.01 | 47 (1.2) | 7 (1.3) | 0.00 |
Initial Ct value | 22.3 (19.1–27.4) | 26.5 (21.4–32.2) | 0.08 | 21.4 (18.7–24.8) | 25.4 (20.2–30.5) | 0.08 | 21.0 (18.5–24.5) | 26.0 (21.0–31.6) | 0.08 |
Duration between the first and the last Ct measurements during acute phase, days | 11 (8-16) | 8 (5–12) | –0.07 | 10 (7–15) | 9 (5–13) | 0.06 | 11 (8–16) | 8 (5–12) | 0.08 |
Duration of the initial decline in Ct value for patients with VR* | - | 1 (1–2) | – | – | 2 (1–3) | – | – | 2 (1–3) | – |
Duration between the index date and the date of observing VR** | - | 8 (4-13) | – | – | 8 (4–14) | – | – | 7 (4–12) | – |
