Fig. 5: Applications of the robotic folding sheet.

a Schematic illustration of multi-functional operation in the extraterrestrial rover. b Shape-adaptive grasping of object with varying topology. For each scenario, the top photograph shows the initiation of the grasping, while the photograph below demonstrates the completion of grasping. c Object weight in the grasping. The self-weight of the sheet is shown as a gray dashed line. d Demonstration of the selected locomotive strategies. From top to bottom, three snapshots are presented to display the sequential changes in the shape, while the last photograph captures the three strokes at once to highlight the displacement. e Locomotive performance evaluation by measuring displacement ∆L for each of the ten strokes. Error bars, mean ± s.d.