Fig. 4: Antipolar texture of PbZrO3 thin films using scanning transmission electron microscopy.
From: Establishing a pure antiferroelectric PbZrO3 phase through tensile epitaxial strain

Polar displacements were obtained by comparing the location of the Pb with respect to the barycenter of the Zr square lattice, in high-resolution HAADF-STEM images (raw images are displayed in Supplementary Fig. 12). In all the images, the zone axis is parallel to the co axis of DyScO3. The resulting dipoles are represented as colored arrows. a Polar textures of the 30-nm-thick PbZrO3 film, showing two large antipolar domains with a 90-degree domain wall. The bottom inset is a zoom emphasizing the characteristic up-up-down-down antipolar pattern of the Pbam phase. b Polar textures in the 20-nm-thick PbZrO3 film. c Polar textures in the 9-nm-thick PbZrO3 film. Horizontal scale bars are 5 nm.