Fig. 6: Schematic model summarizing the functions of AcRR1 as a key transcriptional regulator influencing the grain yield and heading date of wheat.

The large pleiotropic effects of AcRR1 elucidated in this work are attributed to the regulation of several sets of target genes. Direct regulation of TaWOX11-2D by AcRR1 and elevated cytokinin levels lead to reduced floret abortion, thus contributing to an increased GNS. Direct regulation of TabHLH25-5B by AcRR1 activates TaFTs and confers a pronounced early-heading phenotype. The target genes work together to increase the yield of wheat.